granted
英 /ˈɡrɑːntɪd/美 /ˈɡræntɪd/
adv. 副词;conj. 连词
诚然,的确;假定;鉴于;grant的过去分词
词义说明
granted源自动词grant的过去分词,本义为“被给予的”,由此引申出“被承认的”含义。副词用法中,granted表示“诚然,的确”,用于承认某事实或观点,常与but连用,形成让步转折。例如“Granted, the task is difficult, but we can finish it.”中,granted承认任务困难,但随后转折。连词用法中,granted that意为“假定,即使”,引导条件状语从句,表示在某种假设条件下主句仍成立,如“Granted that he is talented, he still needs to work hard.”。此外,granted也常作动词grant的过去分词,用于被动语态或完成时,如“The request was granted.”。
词源解析
granted源自古法语granter,意为“同意,允诺”,最终源自拉丁语credere(相信,信任)。grant本义为“相信后给予”,后演变为“授予,准许”。granted作为分词形容词或副词,保留了“被给予”的核心意象,引申为“被承认的”。记忆时可将granted联想为“被给予承认”,即“诚然”。
什么场合用
granted在正式写作和演讲中常见,用于学术论文中承认对立观点,如“Granted, there are limitations to this study, but the findings are significant.”。在商务邮件中,用于委婉表达不同意见,如“Granted, the budget is tight, but we can allocate resources more efficiently.”。日常口语中,granted常单独使用,表示“不错,的确”,如“Granted, the movie was long, but it was worth watching.”。新闻报道中,granted用于平衡报道,如“Granted, the economy is improving, but unemployment remains high.”。法律文本中,granted作为动词过去分词,表示“被批准”,如“The motion was granted by the court.”。
用法须知
granted作副词时,通常位于句首,用逗号隔开,表示让步,后面常接but。作连词时,granted that引导让步状语从句,that可省略,如“Granted (that) he is busy, he should still call.”。granted也可作形容词,意为“已承认的”,如“a granted fact”。易错点:不要将granted与grant混淆,granted是过去分词,作副词时表示“诚然”,而grant是动词。此外,granted that引导从句时,主句不可用but,因为本身已含让步。
近义词对比
granted与admittedly均表示“诚然”,但granted更正式,admittedly更强调承认错误或不足。例如“Admittedly, I made a mistake.”比“Granted, I made a mistake.”更直接。与conceding相比,granted是副词,conceding是现在分词,多用于动词短语。在让步连词中,granted that与provided that相近,但granted that表示“即使承认”,provided that表示“只要”,如“Granted that it rains, we will still go.”与“Provided that it is sunny, we will go.”含义不同。与although相比,granted that更正式,且常置于句首。
需要留意
granted属于中高语域,在正式写作和演讲中常用,日常口语中也可使用但稍显正式。它没有明显褒贬色彩,但用于让步时可能暗示说话者不完全同意。常见误用:将granted当作动词使用,如“He granted that she was right.”此处granted是动词过去式,但若作副词则需置于句首。另外,granted that后接从句时,主句不应再用but,否则重复。
高频搭配
- granted that假定,即使
- take for granted想当然,认为理所当然
- be granted被授予,被批准
- granted request获批的请求
- granted access授予的访问权
- granted amnesty获得特赦
- granted leave获准休假
用法示例
- Granted, the project is behind schedule, but we are making progress.诚然,项目落后于计划,但我们正在取得进展。
- Granted that he has no experience, he is very enthusiastic.即使他没有经验,他非常热情。
- The judge granted the request for a new trial.法官批准了重审的请求。
- She was granted access to the archives.她被授予查阅档案的权限。
- Granted, the hotel is expensive, but the service is excellent.的确,这家酒店很贵,但服务一流。
- We took for granted that he would agree.我们想当然地认为他会同意。